Cryogenics is a term that is used to refer to the process of producing of materials at extremely low temperatures. It may also refer to any process or material that relates to low temperatures. On the other hand, the term cryogenic liquid refers to a liquefied gas that is stored in a liquid state.Cryogenic gases usually have extremely low boiling point.
The boiling point of these gasses is usually lower than -150 degrees Celsius. That means that they usually exist as gasses at room temperature and pressure. Temperature and pressure conditions under which different cryogens become liquids vary a lot. Regardless of the differences, all cryogens have two properties in common. The first property is that they are all extremely cold. The second property is that small quantities of the liquid usually expand to form large amount of gas.
Resultant gases and majority of cryogenic liquids are majorly grouped into three categories. These are namely, oxygen, flammable gasses, and inert gasses. For inert gases, they hardly go through any chemical reactions, as such, they are non-flammable and do not support combustion. Examples of substances classified as inert gases include neon, krypton, nitrogen, argon, and helium.
Flammable gasses are gasses that can burn in air and are produced from cryogenic liquids. Examples of these gasses include methane, hydrogen, and liquefied natural gasses. Lastly, liquid oxygen is capable of causing mot materials that are viewed as non-combustible to burn in its presence. In fact, some materials such as organic materials undergo explosive reaction with liquefied oxygen.
There are a number of applications for cryogenics. A number of them are industrial and medical related. A decrease in temperature results in a decrease in the electrical resistance of a metal. The implication of this is the widespread use of cryogenics in minimizing the electrical resistivity of metals. The preservation and food industry is another key area of application for cryogens. A good number of foods require instant preservation for them not to go bad.
Medicine field also uses cryogenics. They are applied in a process known as cryosurgery. In this process, body organs are subjected to very low temperatures so as to denature the unwanted or malfunctioning body tissues. Cancer treatment can also apply this process by denaturing cancerous cells and tissues in the body. This treatment plan is becoming popular at a very fast rate.
Another major use of cryogens is in blood banking. Low temperatures are necessary in the storage of certain rare blood groups. The temperatures may have to be as low as -165 degrees Celsius. Liquid nitrogen has been used in certain cryogenics technology incorporated in night club effect systems. These systems produce a chilling effect and white fog, which is then illuminated using colored lights.
Cryogenic cooling is also used during the machining process where it is used to cool the tips of machines. The cooling is important because it helps to prolong the life of tools used. Rockets also use cryogens as propellants. The cryogens used include liquid methane, liquid hydrogen, and liquid oxygen.
The boiling point of these gasses is usually lower than -150 degrees Celsius. That means that they usually exist as gasses at room temperature and pressure. Temperature and pressure conditions under which different cryogens become liquids vary a lot. Regardless of the differences, all cryogens have two properties in common. The first property is that they are all extremely cold. The second property is that small quantities of the liquid usually expand to form large amount of gas.
Resultant gases and majority of cryogenic liquids are majorly grouped into three categories. These are namely, oxygen, flammable gasses, and inert gasses. For inert gases, they hardly go through any chemical reactions, as such, they are non-flammable and do not support combustion. Examples of substances classified as inert gases include neon, krypton, nitrogen, argon, and helium.
Flammable gasses are gasses that can burn in air and are produced from cryogenic liquids. Examples of these gasses include methane, hydrogen, and liquefied natural gasses. Lastly, liquid oxygen is capable of causing mot materials that are viewed as non-combustible to burn in its presence. In fact, some materials such as organic materials undergo explosive reaction with liquefied oxygen.
There are a number of applications for cryogenics. A number of them are industrial and medical related. A decrease in temperature results in a decrease in the electrical resistance of a metal. The implication of this is the widespread use of cryogenics in minimizing the electrical resistivity of metals. The preservation and food industry is another key area of application for cryogens. A good number of foods require instant preservation for them not to go bad.
Medicine field also uses cryogenics. They are applied in a process known as cryosurgery. In this process, body organs are subjected to very low temperatures so as to denature the unwanted or malfunctioning body tissues. Cancer treatment can also apply this process by denaturing cancerous cells and tissues in the body. This treatment plan is becoming popular at a very fast rate.
Another major use of cryogens is in blood banking. Low temperatures are necessary in the storage of certain rare blood groups. The temperatures may have to be as low as -165 degrees Celsius. Liquid nitrogen has been used in certain cryogenics technology incorporated in night club effect systems. These systems produce a chilling effect and white fog, which is then illuminated using colored lights.
Cryogenic cooling is also used during the machining process where it is used to cool the tips of machines. The cooling is important because it helps to prolong the life of tools used. Rockets also use cryogens as propellants. The cryogens used include liquid methane, liquid hydrogen, and liquid oxygen.
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